Despite the 2002 election of Lula and his Worker's Party, and their promises of reform—democracy in Brazil remains an enigma. While the country has seen renewed economic growth and progress in areas of health care and education, the gap between rich and poor remains vast. Rampant crime, racial inequality, and a pandemic lack of personal security taint the vision of progress. In this sequel to Democratic Brazil, the contributors assess the impact of competitive politics on Brazilian government, institutions, economics, and society.