This book provides a comprehensive exploration of Western political thought from the 20th century to the present, delving into the ideas, concepts, and figures that have shaped contemporary political theory. Through a series of chapters, it examines the evolution of political thought in response to key global crises, shifting ideologies, and the growing complexities of governance in the modern world. The text covers seminal philosophers and theorists such as Friedrich Hayek, John Maynard Keynes, Simone de Beauvoir, Frantz Fanon, John Rawls, and many others, analyzing their contributions to the understanding of democracy, justice, power, and the role of the state.

Key themes in the book include the tension between individual liberty and collective responsibility, the challenge of achieving justice in diverse societies, the rise of neoliberalism and its critiques, and the emergence of new movements for equality and human rights. The work engages deeply with contemporary issues such as the relationship between global capitalism and environmental sustainability, the rise of populism and authoritarianism, the impact of digital technology on democratic practices, and the ongoing struggle for marginalized voices in the political arena.