This text explores the theological foundations of Christian economic ethics, examining how biblical principles and Christian thought have shaped responses to economic inequality throughout history. Drawing on key biblical teachings on justice, stewardship, generosity, and care for the poor, it highlights how early Christians practiced communal living and shared resources as a model for a just society. The chapter traces the development of Christian social thought, from the early church's radical economic practices to the rise of Christian socialism, the Social Gospel movement, and liberation theology, all of which challenged economic systems that perpetuated inequality. The text also discusses the role of the Church in addressing global economic crises and inequalities, particularly in the context of modern capitalism, environmental degradation, and the need for systemic change. Christian responses continue to be rooted in the belief that wealth should be shared, the poor cared for, and justice promoted, urging Christians to advocate for economic reforms that reflect the values of God's Kingdom.