Scientific Study from the year 2007 in the subject Medicine - Anatomy, Physiology, Cytology, , course: 2007, language: English, abstract: A cross-sectional observational study was carried out on 152 patients with nodular thyroid lesions between January 2000 and December 2006, attended at the Endocrinology - Head and Neck Surgery clinic of the "Guillermo Domínguez López" General Teaching Hospital in Puerto Padre, who underwent fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) where 22 cases were operated. 12 positives by cytology, 6 suspected and 4 by clinical and imaging data of malignancy, with the aim of specifying the clinical indications of this procedure, determining the age groups and sexes most affected by thyroid nodules, as well as the most frequent cytohistological variants in this environment and finally evaluating the degree of cytopathological and histopathological correlation of the operated cases. The studies conducted showed that the clinical indication was higher in the single thyroid nodule, with female sex and ages between 31 and 40 years prevailing. On the other hand, colloid goiter was the most frequent variety among benign lesions, while papillary carcinoma was the most representative among malignant lesions. The indication for FNA predominated in the single thyroid nodule, female sex and in the fourth decade of life, the most frequent benign nodular lesions of the thyroid was colloid goiter, while papillary carcinoma in malignant thyroid was also demonstrated a sensitivity of 100%, a specificity of 66.6% and an efficacy of 90.90%. with positive and negative predictive values of between 88.8 and 100%, respectively.