Langston Hughes was one of the central voices of the Harlem Renaissance and one of the most influential American writers of the twentieth century. Born in 1902, Hughes was a poet, novelist, playwright, essayist, and cultural critic whose work gave powerful expression to the everyday lives, dreams, and struggles of African Americans during a period of profound social and artistic change. Hughes believed deeply that Black life in all its complexity was worthy of serious literature. His writing is celebrated for its clarity, emotional honesty, and deep connection to Black culture, drawing inspiration from jazz, blues, folklore, and oral storytelling traditions. Whether writing poetry or prose, Hughes sought to portray African American experience without apology or distortion, emphasizing dignity, resilience, humor, and hope. Not Without Laughter, his first novel, reflects many of Hughes's core themes: family, identity, generational conflict, and the shaping forces of race and class in early twentieth-century America. While firmly rooted in the historical realities of its time, the novel remains timeless in its portrayal of coming of age and the search for belonging. Beyond his literary achievements, Hughes was a tireless advocate for artistic freedom and cultural representation. He wrote for newspapers, collaborated with musicians and theater artists, and mentored younger writers, helping to expand opportunities for Black voices in American literature. Today, Langston Hughes is recognized not only as a foundational figure of the Harlem Renaissance, but as a writer whose work continues to resonate across generations. His novels, poems, and essays remain essential reading in American literature, African American studies, and cultural history, offering insight, compassion, and enduring relevance.