This book provides an extensive discussion of the most current techniques and applications of nanomaterials in processes that produce bioenergy. In view of the necessity of protecting the environment and rising global energy requirements, bioenergy has gained enormous and escalating attention as an eco-friendly substitute for conventional fuels. Biomass typically yields biogas, bio-oil, biodiesel, bio-alcohol, biohydrogen, biofuel, and several other bioenergy outputs. The generation of these biofuels relies on catalysts, in addition to other factors and components. Researchers have made exceptional efforts to develop catalysts, particularly nano-catalysts and support materials, in order to enhance reaction performance, expedite the production process, or provide an environmentally benign approach. Nanoparticles are used in biochemical processes to immobilize enzymes, increasing their effectiveness. Researchers are also employing nanocatalysts in the transesterification process to produce biodiesel and enhance yields. Furthermore, upgrading biomass-derived products is now a major area of research. Thermochemical conversion of biomass in bioenergy generation is the oldest technology, now effectively utilizing nanoparticles to get rid of CO2 emissions and maximize output in the form of energy. Nanotechnology has also the potential to significantly contribute to biofuel production by lowering processing costs and improving efficiency. This study focuses on the strategic use of nanomaterials such as metallic nanoparticles, nanocomposites, carbon-based nanomaterials, and nanobiochar in all areas of the bio-derived energy generation process. This book enhances the bioenergy experience for readers by offering a comprehensive and comparative perspective. It  provides a concise framework for researchers in the domains of chemistry, renewable, the environment, and process engineering. The book also focuses specifically on how bioenergy processes integrated with nanotechnology could improve and scale up.